Guwahati is very well connected with adjoining regions via bus services. Three nodal points, Adabari, Paltan Bazar and ISBT Guwahati, provide bus services to towns and cities in Assam and adjoining states. Some of these services are run by the government agency ASTC, whereas a vast majority of them are run by private companies. “Night supers”, or buses that run overnight, and luxury coaches, are very popular.
Srimanta Sankaradeva Kalakshetra: Shankardev Kalakshetra is a place that visitors should never miss. Shankardev Khalakshetra name synonymous with the great Vaishnava saint and scholar of Assam Srimanta Shankardeva. It is a multipurpose cultural complex that has fulfilled its aim in protecting, promoting and preserving the cultural heritage of the communities and tribes of Assam and the country.
ISKCON Temple, Guwahati: This temple belongs to the ISKCON society founded by Abhay Charanaravinda Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada. The temple’s main deity is Radha-Krishna. The main emphasis of this temple’s preaching lies on the teachings of Krishna and Bhagavad Gita. The evening is a good time to visit when the temple is filled with Devotees and Kirtan is held with full grandeur and splendor.
Beltola Bazaar: (Pron: ?bel’t??l? b??z?:) A traditional weekly fruits and vegetables market with historic importance. The market has existed since its historic past and is an important traditional trading point between the people from the Khasi hills (Meghalaya) and local people. It is a rich market with local food products. It is in Beltola, a predominantly residential area in the south.
Dighalipukhuri: Situated at the heart of the city at Uzanbazar and surrounded by the High Court on the north and the State Museum and District Library on the south. This is a huge man-made tank. It was excavated by the mighty king Bhagadatta to celebrated the ‘swayambar’ of his daughter Bhanumati who was married to Kourava prince Druyadhana. There is boating club on the Dighalipukhuri.
Umananda Temple: On the peacock island in the middle of the Brahmaputra, this Shiva temple was built in 1664. It is believed that Lord Shiva by using his third eye burnt Kamdeva at this place. Every year Shivaratri is celebrated in this temple in a great way. The island is believed to be the world’s smallest human inhabited island. The world’s largest river island is Majuli.
Nehru Park: At heart of the city at Panbazar by the side of Cotton College. Nehru Park is another place that visitors should never miss. The highlights of the park are the concrete statues of Bihu dance, Ojapali dance, Deodhani dance, Jhumur dance, Bhoor tal dance etc. There are altogether 45 concrete statues depicting these aspects of Assamese life and culture.
Guwahati features the multi purpose Nehru Stadium, hosts mainly cricket and football; while the Kanaklata Indoor Stadium in the R.G. Baruah Sports Complex (in the Ulubari locality) is older sports complex of the city. There are smaller stadiums in Maligaon (the N.F. Railway Stadium) and in Paltan Bazaar area where the Sports Authority of India (SAI) complex is.
Guwahati has a good public transit system. The government agency – Assam State Transport Corporation (ASTC) and many private operators provide a considerably good city-bus system. It requires further modernization and integration with city planning and management initiatives. Guwahati is the first city in the North-east where low-floored buses were introduced.
Highway NH 37, which encircles the city’s southern parts and links the southern corridor in Noumile to the western corridor in Jalukbari is currently supporting rapid development. Similarly, the VIP Road linking Zoo Road with the eastern corridor and recently completed Hengerabari-Narengi Road are also supporting massive residential development to the east.
Apart from city buses, trekker services, which are soft-top multi-utility vehicles with a sitting capacity of 10-12, provide public transport facilities along major roads in the city. They are popular among people for fast travel, although these vehicles are usually overloaded with passengers and tend to go very fast causing frequent accidents.
Assam State Museum: Assam State Museum is situated near Dighalipukhuri. It houses many rare, specimen of the Ahom Dynasty. Many articles of equipment, dress materials belonging to the glorious past of Assam are found here. Many antiques, statues, manuscripts, written on Shashi-paat and other valuable articles are preserved and displayed here.
The city is home to Gauhati University in Jalukbari. Gauhati University was the first university in Assam to be set up in 1948. It was also the first premier educational institute to be set up in the North-East India. Gauhati University was recently ranked among the top 26 universities of India according to a survey by India Today.
In 2001, males constituted 55 percent and females at 45 percent of Guwahati’s residents. It was found that 10 percent of the population is under 6 years of age. Guwahati has an average literacy rate of 78 percent, with male literacy at 81 and female literacy at 74 percent. The Major religion followed is Hinduism.
Kamakhya Temple: Kamakhya Temple situated some 5 km from the main city on the Nilachal Hill, is one of the most sacred Hindu Shrines of India. Goddess Kamakhya is worshipped here.Ambubachi Mela is celebrated every year in the middle of June in this temple. Many devotees from across the country gathered here during this mela.
Shilpagram: Adjacent to Srimanta Shankardev Kalakshetra, this is the only crafts village of the North East Zone Cultural Center (NEZCC). It had made landmark in the promotion of the varied arts and cultures of the local people. It holds regular cultural events throughout the year in its open air stage and auditorium.
Balaji Temple, Guwahati: This temple is a recent addition to the religious places of Guwahati. It is situated at Betkuchi area of the city. Balaji temple with striking South Indian architecture is unlike the other temples of this place. In the evening illuminated by electric lights the temple looks very beautiful.
Guwahati is one of the most rapidly growing cities in India. The city’s population grew from just 200,000 in 1971 to more than 500,000 in 1991. In the census of 2001 the city’s population was found to be 808,021. By 2012, it is estimated that Guwahati will boast more than a 1.6 million residents.
National Highway 31 connects Guwahati with the states Bihar, Jharkhand and West Bengal. National Highway 37 from Goalpara in Assam to Dimapur in Nagaland traverses the entire length of Assam and connects Guwahati with almost all the major cities of Assam including the cities of Jorhat, Dibrugarh and Bongaigaon.
Citizens from Myannmar can come in through the border post of Tamu-Moreh and take a connecting flight from Imphal to the city. There are also regular Bus services from Imphal to the city. Similarly, citizens can come from Bhutan and Bangladesh through Border Posts and take the Bus Services to the city.
The name Guwahati is two Assamese words: ‘guwa’ (areca nut) and ‘haat’ (market place). The name used to be spelled as Gowhatty (pre-colonial and colonial), anglicized to Gauhati (colonial-British), which was then changed to the present form in the late 1980s to conform to the local pronunciation
GTC: Gauhati Town Club, a very old and prestigious club of the state at Pan Bazar provides very good sports facilities. The club has a football academy, cricket centre, chess foundation and a swimming centre where the prime thrust is given to groom the young and budding talents of the region.
NEDFi Haat: NEDFi Haat is at a leased building of Industries & Commerce Department Govt. of Assam. In NEDFi Haat visitors can buy handicraft and handloom products. As well as they can buy varieties of traditional food items produced by the Self Help Groups of the State in the Bihu seasons.
Although being a medium sized city, ranking around 50th (in terms of population) in India, the city’s quality of life is comparatively higher. A recent survey (2006) by a popular Indian magazine – Outlook (Money) ranked Guwahati 16th among all the major and medium sized Indian cities.
Guwahati’s myths and history go back several thousands of years. Although the date of the city’s beginning is unknown, references in the epics, Puranas, and other traditional histories, lead many to assume that it is one of the ancient cities of Asia.
A new cricket stadium being under construction by Assam Cricket Association at Barsapara, under West Guwahati Assembly Constituency. The stadium boasts of having international quality standards with a capacity of 60,000 spectators.
The Inter State Bus Terminus (ISBT) located at the outskirts, provides connectivity with other regions of the Northeast with regular buses for major cities and tourist destinations of the neighbouring states.
Guwahati, being on the bank of Brahmaputra River, is connected to National Waterways No 2, with a terminal at Pandu. It is used for movement of bulk & general cargo, passenger vessels and tourist vessels.
Among the city’s many other institutions of higher learning are the Gauhati Commerce College, College of Veterinary Science under AAU, Government Ayurvedic College, Arya Vidyapeeth College, B. Borooah College, Handique Girls College (they all have both Arts and Science streams), Assam Engineering Institute (engineering diploma courses), Pandu College, LCB College, West Guwahati Commerce College, K.C. Das Commerce College , J.B. Law College, Dispur College, Icon Commerce College, NEF Law College and Pragjyotish College.The Guwahati campus of TISS was also established here in 2010. Guwahati has branches of professional courses like the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI), Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) and Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India (ICWAI). Apart from those, Assam Institute of Management, North Eastern Regional Institute of Management (NERIM), Royal Group of Institutions, Asian Institute of Management and Technology, Darwin School of Business, Girijananda Chowdhury Institute of Management and Technology, Azara, NETES Institute of Technology and Science Mirza, Institute of Strategic Business Management (ISBM), Guwahati Institute of Technoloy (GIT), NEF College of Management & Technology, Hindustan College and GEA National College are notable institutes of higher education. The city has Don Bosco University, the first state-approved private university in Assam and North East India at Azara, outskirts of the city . The Kamrup College of Vocational Training provides education and training on vocational and professional management courses. It is home to many good schools like Asom Jatiya Vidyalaya, South Point School, DPS Guwahati, Don Bosco School, Holy Child School, Maharshi Vidya Mandir, Royal Global School and Miles Bronson Residential School.
The major economic activities are trade and commerce, transportation and services. Guwahati is the most important trade hub in the North Eastern Region. It is a major wholesale distribution center, a marketing hub, and also a retail hub of the region. The Guwahati Tea Auction Centre is one of the largest in the world. As in other cities, ‘mall culture’ is now invading Guwahati. Manufacturing is an important activity, although it is not comparable to those of India’s rapidly growing industrial cities. The most important manufacturing industry in the city is the petroleum refinery of IOCL at Noonmati, which is known as Guwahati Refinery. The city contains the headquarters or regional offices of several manufacturing and business establishments, e.g., Numaligarh Refinery Limited (NRL). Bamunimaidam and Kalapahar are two major industrial estate of Guwahati. Guwahati is important for printing and publishing, as well as businesses related to electronic and print media. During the past two decades, businesses such as real estate development, finance, etc. have intensified. Retail and real estate have emerged as big players. Recent times have seen large scale retail chains such as Big Bazaar, Westside, Pantaloons, Salasar Mega Store, Hidesign, Wills Lifestyle, Levi Strauss & Co. had opened outlets in Guwahati. Guwahati is home to the Guwahati Stock Exchange (GSE). For the promotion of trade and industry of Assam there is a trade centre named Maniram Dewan Trade Centre at the Betkuchi area of the city.
Guwahati is serviced by the Guwahati Airport at Borjhar, about 20 km west of the center of the city. Air connectivity have improved considerably in the last couple of years with all major domestic airlines flying into Guwahati. Helicopter services are operated from Guwahati to Shillong (30 min), Tura (50 min), Naharlagun (Itanagar), Tawang (75 min) by Pawan Hans, a helicopter service provider. The Helicopter services have been scrapped after the death of the chief minister of Arunachal Pradesh. Guwahati airport averages about 95-100 arrivals and departures a day. Guwahati is serviced with direct flights to Delhi, Jaipur, Mumbai, Kolkata, Bangalore, Chennai, Ahmedabad and other major cities in India by different airlines. Druk Air connects Guwahati internationally airport to Bangkok and Paro twice a week. A modernization plan is underway at Guwahati airport right now and once it is completed, the AAI plans to make Guwahati a hub of air connectivity. Northeast Shuttles(P) Ltd. has started daily flights in their 18 seater Dornier 228 and 9 seater Cessna 208 aircraft from Guwahati airport connecting Silchar, Imphal, Aizawl, Dimapur.
The Ambari excavations trace the city to the 6th century AD. It was known as Pragjyotishpura and Durjoya in different periods and was the capital under the Varman Dynasty and the Pala dynasties of the Kamarupa kingdom. Descriptions by Xuanzang (Hiuen Tsang) reveal that during the greatest Varman king Bhaskar Varman (7th century AD), the city stretched for about 30 li (15 km) and was probably the principal base for his strong naval force (30,000 war-boats, with officers who were knowledgeable of the sea-routes from the Indian Ocean to China – Xuanzang). The city remained as the capital of Assam till the 10th-11th century AD under the rulers of the Pala dynasty. Excavations in Ambari and the brick walls and houses excavated during construction of the present Cotton College’s auditorium suggest that it was a city of great size with economic and strategic importance until the 9th-11th century AD.
The city provides competitive residential and working environments with beautiful landscapes, pleasant climate, modern shopping areas, modern apartments and bungalows, and considerably good social infrastructure. Yet infrastructure in the city still requires extensive attention, which can increase and revolutionize the city’s reputation, investment environment, and overall growth pattern. Major investments in infrastructure are being planned in the city, covering many aspects of the utilities and transportation infrastructures, with financial assistance from the Asian Development Bank (ADB). Guwahati is to also receive substantial city development funds from JNNURM (Jawaharlal Nehru National Urban Renewal Mission) – the Government of India’s recently conceived commission for urban development, and a development plan for the city has been recently finalized.
The century-old Cotton College is one of the most reputed colleges in eastern India and possesses great scholastic and cultural value. The Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati is the sixth member of the high-profile world’s renowned IITs in India. Since its establishment in 1994, IIT Guwahati has proven itself as an excellent institution for research and education. The Assam Engineering College and the Gauhati Medical College and Hospital which include Regional Dental College and Regional College of Nursing are the two important institutions for science and technology and medical education. National Law University and Judicial Academy, Assam which is one of the fourteen National Law Universities of India was established in the year 2010 and is a torchbearer in the field of legal education in North East India.
Guwahati falls under the Northeast Frontier Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Guwahati Junction which is the major station of Guwahati is the headquarters of the zone. Two other stations are Kamakhya and New Guwahati (for freight services) located towards west and east from Guwahati respectively. Few trains depart from Kamakhya station also. Guwahati is well connected by express trains to major cities like New Delhi, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Chandigarh, Mumbai, Jaipur, Trivandrum, Ranchi, Patna, Puri, Jammu etc. Major trains serving Guwahati are Guwahati Rajdhani Express, Poorvottar Sampark Kranti Express, Saraighat Express, North-East Express, Guwahati Bangalore Express, Guwahati Egmore Express, Guwahati Ernakulam Express, Kamrup Express, Kanchanjunga Express, Guwahati-Jorhat Jan Shatabdi Express etc.
The popular Assamese daily newspapers published from the city are Dainik Agradoot, Asomiya Pratidin, Asomiya Khobor, Amar Asom, Dainik Janambhumi, Janasadharan, Niyamiya Barta and Gana Adhikar. English dailies are The Assam Tribune, The Sentinel, Seven Sisters Post and The Telegraph. Doordarshan Kendra Guwahati provides composite satellite television services to north east region. The Guwahati based 24 hour regional news channels include NE TV, News Live, DY 365, Frontier TV, Prime News, News Time Assam, News Network and Prag. In FM Radio, apart from All India Radio, Radio Oolala 91.9 FM, Radio Gup-Shup 94.3 FM, Red FM 93.5 and BIG FM 92.7 are other FM stations of the city. Telecom services are BSNL, Aircel, Airtel, Vodafone, Reliance Mobile, Idea Cellular, S Tel etc.
Pan Bazaar: (Pron: p?n b??z?:) A lively part of the city center on the southern bank of the Brahmaputra. Cotton College, Digholy Pukhury (Dighalipukhuri), The State Museum, RBI, District Court (Kamrup District), etc. are all major landmarks. Moreover, the area also possesses many libraries, major government offices, and a shopping district. Restaurants and bookshops in the area provide a unique environment. It also contains a major wholesale market for drugs and pharmaceutical products, and a hub for printing and publication. Close to Digholy Pukhury, there are many stores with traditional arts and crafts from Assam and other parts of the NER. Kachari Ghat, next to the district court is an important local river port. Moreover it is also renowned for sports market.
The core area consists of the old city with Pan Bazaar, Paltan Bazaar, Fancy Bazaar and Uzan Bazaar, each one facilitating unique urban activities. While Paltan Bazaar is the hub for transportation and hotels, Pan Bazaar is centered around education, administrative, cultural activities, offices and restaurants. Fansi Bazaar is the hub for retail and wholesale commercial activities, and Uzan Bazaar mainly contains administrative, retail and residential areas. With these bustling areas, the city core is a busy and lively part of the Guwahati. Ulubari, Lachit Nagar, Chandmari and Zoo Road (R.G. Baruah Road), which have a mix of retail-commercial and residential areas, can be considered an additional part of the core.
Paltan Bazaar: (Pron: ‘p?lt?n b??z?:) In the central part of the city-center is the hub for transportation and hotels. With Guwahati railway station, the regional bus stand (ASTC), numerous hotels, restaurants and offices and stops of numerous private regional bus service providers, this area is the busiest and most congested. There are many small shops selling traditional garments from parts of the NER. After the start of operations at ISBT for Intra and Inter state bus service, bus services from paltan bazar has been prohibited by authorities to ease traffic congestion in the area. Now the ASTC Bus stand and various private bus operators only run shuttle services from Paltan Bazar to ISBT.
The Mughals tried to invade Assam 17 times and each time they were defeated by the Ahoms led by the great Ahom general Bir Lachit Borphukan. The Battle of Saraighat fought close to Guwahati in 1671 is the most well-known of all those battles; the Mughals were overrun due to the strong leadership and hard work of Lachit Borphukan. Brahmaputra and was an ancient boat yard probably used by the Ahoms in medieval times. Moreover, there are many tanks, temples, ramparts, etc. in the city. The most important archaeological site is the Ambari excavation site close to Dighalipukhuri.
The city is between the banks of the Brahmaputra river and the foothills of the Shillong plateau, with LGB International Airport to the west and the town of Narengi to the east. It is gradually being expanded as North Guwahati to the northern bank of the Brahmaputra.The famous heritage Madan Kamdev is situated 30 km away from Guwahati.This heritage is same as khajuraho. The Guwahati Municipal Corporation, the city’s local government, administers an area of 216 km², while the Guwahati Metropolitan Development Authority, the planning and development administers an area of 340 km².
The corridor extending towards the west (around 30 km from the city-center) contains a railroad linking Guwahati and other parts of the North Eastern Region east of Guwahati to rest of western Assam and India. The corridor links residential and historically important areas such as Nilachal Hill (Kamakhya), Pandu, and Maligaon (headquarters of Northeast Frontier Railways) before it separates into two: one towards North Guwahati and the other continuing west towards Guwahati Airport via the University of Gauhati (Jalukbari). There are many river ports/jetties along this corridor.
Guwahati, formerly Pragjyotishpura meaning “city of eastern light,”, “city of eastern astrology”, and Durjaya meaning “impregnable” were the capitals of the ancient state of Kamarupa under Varman’s and Pala’s respectively. Many ancient Hindu temples are in the city, Kamakhya, Umananda, Navagraha, Sukreswar, Basistha, Lankeshwar, Doul Govinda, Dirgheshwari, Ugro Tara, Rudreswar etc. are but a few so also known as the “The City of Temples.” Dispur, the capital of the Indian state of Assam is in the city and is the seat of the Government of Assam.
Guwahati War Cemetery: A World War II war cemetery, maintained by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission This is the one cemetery among the nine cemeteries in India which has war graves of Japanese soldiers. The cemetery has 521 graves, including 316 known and 18 unknown graves of soldiers from the United Kingdom, 136 known and seven unknown Indian soldiers, four from Canada, four from South Africa, one from New Zealand, two graves of soldiers whose nationality is unknown, 11 graves of Japanese soldiers and 24 graves of Chinese Army soldiers.
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