The city falls under the Hisar Lok Sabha constituency, thus contributing one Member of Parliament (MP). It is a battalion Headquarters of 33rd Battalion of Border Security Force and 3rd Battalion of Haryana Armed Police. The 33rd Armoured Division of Indian Army is stationed at Hisar and is a part of I Corps. In 1996, Brigade of the Guards arrived here for conversion to mechanised profile. The unit is now a fully mechanised battalion.
Signs of Pre-Harappan settlements have be found at Siswal and Lohari Ragho. One of the four pre-Harappan phases has been named Sothi-Siswal period (3200–2600 BC) on this site. Harappan settlements can be found as well in Rakhigarhi. The site covers 2180 hectares, making it the largest Harappan site known in India and the second biggest overall after Mohenjodaro. All the sites are maintained by Archaeological Survey of India (ASI).
Another major park located in the city is Madhuban Park situated near the Mahabir Stadium. The park was commissioned in 1972. and houses a swimming pool, children’s library and a Kala Kendra. Located at the centre of the city is Town Park. The park was opened for public in 2000. It was developed and is maintained by Haryana Urban Development Authority. It adjoins the Central Jail and has an artificial waterfall.
The railway station at Hisar comes under Northern Railway Zone. The first railway line to the city was constructed in 1883 when Delhi Rewari Railway was extended to Bhatinda. Currently, there are four broad gauge railway lines at the station. The railway station is a part of Western Dedicated Rail Freight Corridor according to which the city is to be developed as an export-oriented industrial units.
During Akbar’s reign (1556–1605) Hisar became once more a place of considerable importance. It was made the headquarters of the revenue Division known as Sirkar; some of Mughal Princes who were attached to Hisar subsequently became the Emperors. The city of Hisar became known in the history of India as the Duke of Wellington of Mughal era. The city remained under the rule of Mughals until 1760.
Eminent sports persons from Hisar who have represented India are Vikas Krishan Yadav in boxing, Chandgi Ram, Udey Chand, Geetika Jakhar and Nirmala Devi in wrestling, Saina Nehwal in badminton and Krishna Poonia in discus throw. Manvinder Bisla has represented Kolkata Knight Riders in the Indian Premier League. In April 2012, 18-year old Ajay Kumar from Hisar qualified for 2012 Summer Olympics.
The oldest park located in the city is the Krantiman Park. It is a part of the St. Thomas Church Complex. The park was built in the 19th century and was then known as Company Bagh. A memorial was placed in the park in the memory of Collector John Wedderburn and 43 other people who were killed during the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The park was remodeled in 1983 and was renamed as Krantiman Park.
Hisar is located on the outer margins of the South-west monsoon region. The average annual rainfall is around 450 mm most of which occurs during the months of July and August. The annual highest rainfall of 793.6 mm was recorded in 1976 and the lowest of 145.2 mm in 2000. Dew is observed in December and January. Hot winds, locally known as Loo, are strong and frequent from May to July.
A few agricultural and veterinary research centres are also situated in the city such as National Research Centre on Equines, Central Sheep Breeding Farm, National Institute on Pig Breeding and Research Northern Region Farm Machinery Training and Testing Institute and Central Institute for Research on Buffaloes (CIRB). In 1988, the city hosted the 2nd World Buffalo Congress.
Ghoomar is the primary folk dance performed by people during festivals and other occasions and Saang is the folk-theatre of the region. Classical Indian vocalist and Padma Vibhushan, Pandit Jasraj is from Hisar. Poets Vishnu Prabhakar (Sahitya Akademi Award and Padma Bhushan awardee), Uday Bhanu Hans (State poet of Haryana) and Bhai Parmanand also belong to Hisar.
Hisar has the highest number of permanent immigrants to the US among all districts in Haryana. According to a recent report on permanent immigration from the Northern Indian Districts of Indian subcontinent by the US Department of Homeland Security on the state of Haryana, Hisar ranks number 1 (with 893); Faridabad (812) and Karnal (656) are second and third.
Over 97% of the population belongs to Hinduism followed by Islam, Sikhism, Jainism and Christianity. Though originally the city had more Muslims than Hindus, most of them shifted to Pakistan during Partition of India. It was also a major centre of learning for Digambara Jains and was once the seat of Bhattaraka, head of Digambara Jain institutions.
The city was ruled by several major powers, including the Mauryans in the 3rd century BC, the Tughlaqs in the 14th century, the Mughals in the 16th century and the British in the 19th century. After India achieved independence, it was unified with the state of Punjab. When the Punjab was divided in 1966, Hisar became part of Haryana.
The city remained as a major centre of the Indian independence movement from Indian Rebellion of 1857 until the independence as many national leaders visited the city during the movement such as Lala Lajpat Rai in 1886, Subhas Chandra Bose in 1938, and Jawaharlal Nehru in 1946. After independence, the city became a part of Punjab.
The city is well connected to Delhi, Punjab, Rajasthan and Jammu and Kashmir through rail links. Major train that originates from Hisar railway station is Gorakhdham Express. In 2011, the then Railway Minister Mamta Banerjee launched Vivek Express from Jammu Tawi to Mumbai thus connecting Hisar directly to Mumbai.
St. Thomas’ Church is a major religious place for Christians living in the city. The church was consecrated in 1865 by Lord Bishop of Calcutta. The church has been declared as a historical monument by Indian National Trust for Art and Cultural Heritage. It is named after St. Thomas who visited India in 52 AD.
The city, which was once marked by the recurring droughts and famines is now an agriculturally developed city due to the establishment of Haryana Agricultural University. It has brought spectacular transformation and the city which earlier grew only coarse grains, is now the cotton belt of Haryana.
Hisar has Asia’s largest automobile repair and spare parts market in terms of radius and area. It also has a large number of livestock farms. Asia’s largest and world’s second largest cattle farm, Central Livestock Farm, formed there in 1809. Another major farm is the Central Sheep Breeding Farm.
Most of the popular Indian festivals are celebrated in the city, the most important being Diwali, Dussehra, Ram Navami, Janamashtami, Shivratri, Gugga Navami, Holi, Basant Panchami, Teej and Makar Sankranti. The festivals of Jains, Christians, Sikhs and Muslims are also celebrated.
Historical places from the British era include Jahaj Kothi which was the residence of George Thomas. The place has now been converted into a museum. It was once a Jain temple. Other historical sites are the Tomb of Pranpir Badshah located inside Government College Complex.
Agrawal community traces its root to the village of Agroha in Hisar. The Agrawals claim descent from the legendary king Agrasena. Agroha Maha Kumbh is a festival annually held on the Sharad Purnima. Other locally famous deities are Gugga Pir and Sheela Mata.
An All India Radio station is also located at Hisar. Private FM stations operating in Hisar are BIG FM, Radio Mantra, Radio Dhamaal and Radio Tarang. In 2011, CCS HAU started the first Community Radio Station of North India at 91.2 MHz for farming community.
There’s also a Deer Park located at the outskirts of the city and maintained by the State Forest Department. It was established in the year 1971. Rare species of endangered animals such as Blackbuck, Chital, Sambar and Nilgai can be found here.
Additionally, a large textile industry is based in the city. Major textile companies are Hisar Textile Mills, Hansi Cooperative Spinning Mills and H.P. Cotton Textile Mills Limited. The Oxygen manufacturing unit Haryana Oxygen is also present.
Occasionally dust-storms are experienced during summer months and hail-storms during February to April. Fog prevails generally in December and January months. Thunder-storms also occur during post monsoon season and summer months.
The city is a part of Delhi Mumbai Industrial Corridor Project which aims at developing strong road and rail connectivity between the cities lying on it and develop them as an industrial area.
The city also has a Gurudwara named Shri Guru Singh Sabha built in 1925 which is a prominent religious place for Sikhs. A local deity Banbhori is also worshipped by local people.
The city hosted the 2nd Asian Women’s Boxing Championship in 2003 and 51st National Boxing Championship in 2004. It also hosted 22nd Haryana State Women Sports Festival in 2008.
Sweets are very popular in the district and rural as well as urban people are very fond of eating sweets. Hansi ka Peda carry a mass popularity in and outside the district.
The owner of the Zee Network, Subhash Chandra is from Hisar. Singer Geet Sagar and actors Yashpal Sharma, Aanchal Munjal and Yash Tonk also belong to Hisar.
The city later come under the rule of Sayyid dynasty and Lodi dynasty before Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi in the first battle of Panipat.
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