Kanpur was also infamous to a certain extent for being home to largest tanneries in India and the subsequent pollution they caused thereof. These tanneries were the initial source of industrial base in Kanpur during the colonial period. However owing to poor pollution record, lack of technologies and emergence of other avenues of employment has led to a slow and gradual death to these units.
Kanpur later became one of the most important military stations of British India. It was declared a district on 24 March 1803. South of Parmat were the British infantry lines and the parade grounds. Indian infantry occupied the space from the present Chunniganj to the Christ Church College. The Company Bagh was laid in 1847 and the construction of the Ganges Canal was completed in 1854.
Widely known as the Manchester of the East, it is one of the oldest industrial townships of North India. It has an area of over 450 km2 with an approximate population of 3 million inhabitants in its area. It is administratively divided into 6 zones and 110 wards with a ward population range of 19,000 to 26,000. It is the 75th largest city in the world.
Kanpur is an important center for India’s leather industry and small arms. Kanpur has five Indian Ordnance Factories viz. Field Gun Factory, Ordnance Equipment Factory, Ordnance Parachute Factory, Ordnance Factory Kanpur, Small Arms Factory of the gigantic Ordnance Factories Board which manufactures products of the Indian Armed Forces.
Kanpur is home to the Dainik Jagran newspaper which is the most read Hindi Newspaper in India. Other newspapers that are widely read include Amar Ujala, Aaj, Hindustan. The English dailies published are The Times of India, Hindustan Times, Economic Times, The Pioneer, etc. There is also the Hindi and English mixed Newspaper Tabloid I-NEXT.
Kanpur is home to many residential and migratory birds. Most of them can be spotted at Bithoor, IIT Kanpur campus and areas alongside the Ganges Canal. In the IIT campus you can find a large number of peacocks and nilgai. The city has Asia’s biggest (area wise) zoological garden. Exotic species of flora are present at the CSA campus also.
Served by Indian Railways, Kanpur is connected by trains to almost every part of India like Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Hyderabad, Bangalore, Ahmedabad, Raipur, Indore, Bhopal, Farrukhabad, Jabalpur, Jamshedpur, Srinagar, Jaipur, Gorakhpur, Guwahati, Jhansi, Khajuraho, Jalgaon, Durg, Pune, Surat, Lucknow, Nagpur and Coimbatore.
Electricity in Kanpur is regulated through the Kanpur Electricity Supply Company (KESA) now KESCO, while water supply and sanitation facilities are provided by the Kanpur Water Supply and Sewerage Board (KWSSB). The city is facing problems due to erratic power supply and spoilt roads due to laying down of new sewerage pipes.
Kanpur is believed to have been founded by members of the Chandela dynasty from the state of Sachendi. The city’s name is believed to derive from Kanhiyapur (from the Hindi meaning “town of Kanhaiya”). During the British Raj, this was anglicised to Cawnpore. In old British maps it is also listed as Khanpur.
The British contributed to charitable causes in the city by building the Ursula Horsman Hospital, the Hallet Hospital, Harcourt Butler Technological Institute, by protecting the Allen Forest (now a zoo) and many other efforts. Most of these are now renamed, though a lot of residents still call them by their old names.
At Shivrajpur, 20 km from the Kanpur Central railway station, there is an ancient temple built by Chandel Raja Sati Prasad in memory of his queen. This temple is supposed to have been built in a night and is situated on the banks of the Ganges. This temple is famous for its architectural work and carving designs.
Due to the industries, the pollution levels have risen dangerously high. Due to lack of proper planning, the city is equalling Delhi as a victim of congestion and overcrowding. Urban planning has yet to evolve. A recent article in the Time Asia magazine says it all regarding the pollution in the city.
Others believe that the name is derived from Karnapur (meaning “town of Karna”, one of the heroes of the Mahabharata). Another theory is that it came from the nearby town of Makanpur, earlier known as Khairabad, where the Sufi saint of the Madariya Sufi order, Badiuddin Zinda Shah Madar, settled.
Kanpur Central is the main railway station of Kanpur and is the largest railway station of North Central Railways. Kanpur Central lies as one of the most important railway stations on Delhi-Howrah Trunk Line of Indian Railways. The first Rajdhani Express of India ran via this railway station.
At Jajmau, there are remains of an ancient fort, now surviving as a huge mound. Recent excavations on this mound indicate that the site is very old, perhaps dating back to the Vedic age. Popular legends state that the fort belonged to Yayati, a king of the ancient Chandravanshi race.
The Inter State Bus Station (ISBT) of Kanpur officially named as the “Shaheed Major Salman Khan Bus Station”. It is locally known as the “Jhakarkati Bus Station” enquiry number: 0512 2328381. It provides buses to important cities of India. The other bus stations are:
Parihar rulers of Kannauj may have ruled this place for a significant part of history long before the beginning of Mughal era. Some historical accounts suggest Pratihara emperor, Mihir Bhoja, has ruled in Kanpur since nearby Kannuaj was the capital of Parihar.
In Kanpur (MC), the banking services were availed by only 61 percent of the households (Census 2001). About 8 percent of the households did not possess basic assets such as vehicles (bicycles, scooter, moped, car, jeep, etc.), televisions and radios.
Central Kanpur-Civil Lines, Dev Nagar, Kanpur Cantonment, Nawabganj, Kanpur, Generalganj, Swaroop Nagar, Anwarganj, Gumti, Lajpat nagar, Jawahar Nagar, Chaman Ganj, Parade, Colonelganj, Becon Ganj, Patkapur, Iftikharabad, Bansmandi,PARMAT,GWALTOLI
Kanpur Development Authority (KDA) is a board for development of Kanpur. The Secretary of Kanpur Development Authority is Shakuntla Gautam. Kanpur Development Authority is responsible for constructing Governmental Building and flats in Kanpur.
The Kanpur Metropolitan Police has six geographic zones, includes the Traffic Police, the City Armed Reserve, the Central Crime Branch and the City Crime Record Bureau and runs 73 police stations, including two all-women police stations.
The only unit of the Indian Institute of Pulse Research (an institute of ICAR) and one of the three units of the National Sugar Institute is situated in Kanpur which reflects the strong agrarian nature of industries here.
Up to 1,000 British troops, their families and loyal sepoys were confined in General Wheeler’s entrenchment in Kanpur for three weeks in June 1857 where they were besieged by the army of a local prince called Nana Sahib
The Central Government providing the Kanpur city administration with 300 buses under JNNURM. Central Government will bear 50% cost while State Government and Nagar Nigam will bear 20% and 30% cost respectively.
1858 picture of Sati Chaura Ghat on the banks of the Ganges River, where on 27 June 1857 many British men lost their lives and the surviving women and children were taken prisoner by the rebels.
Kanpur has also begun to find favour among the outsourcing sector as a favoured location with several new startups setting up shop here owing to cheaper costs and a readily available talent pool.
Business activities in the city include Laxman traders, Simran traders, Aone user, shoes, flex industries, Kesarvani, Bajrangbali, deals in handicraft materials, Polyfix super glue etc.
South Kanpur -Govind Nagar, Kidwai Nagar, Naubasta, Saket Nagar, Barra, Yashoda Nagar, Gujaini, Dabouli, Hanspuram, Shyam Nagar, Jarauli, Damodar Nagar, Koyla Nagar, Tatya Tope Nagar
As per 2011 census Kanpur urban agglomeration has a population of 2,920,067, out of which males were 1,584,967 and females were 1,335,100. The literacy rate was 83.98 per cent.
Property is one of the growing sectors of the Kanpur’s economy. Kanpur has one of the fastest growing property rates in almost all the areas due to redevelopment of several areas.
The Kanpur Sangrahalaya/Kanpur Museum housing valuable artifacts from pre-colonial and colonial period, was established in 1999, in a section of KEM Hall, Phool Bagh Maidan.
There are currently six FM radio stations and one All India Radio Akashwani Station being broadcast in Kanpur. The 7 Radio Stations are following:
Monorail has been planned to be developed in Kanpur from various routes. This will give relief from traffic for daily passengers.
Kanpur has a total GDP (PPP) of 22 billion US$ and it ranks as 9th among top 10 Industrial cities in India followed by Surat.
Boodha Bargad (Banyan) tree, a tree on which 144 Indians were hanged in the later part of the Indian Rebellion of 1857
Charge of the Highlanders led by General Havelock, to relieve the besieged British troops held by Indian fighters.
There are several malls such as Z Square Mall, Rave@Moti Mall, SouthX Mall, Ganges Nagar Mall, and Rave 3 Mall,
The Nana Sahib with his escort. Steel engraved print, published in History of the Indian Mutiny (late 1950s).
The British India Corporation (BIC) was headquartered here and led the development of many industries.
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